Engine performance and emissions from fuels containing nitrogen and sulphur

Surrogate fuels for hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) algae biocrude depicting its nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) content were simulated in this study tested a multi-cylinder diesel engine. The influence of N S presence the fuel on combustion behaviour emissions profile was investigated. To our knowledge, S-containing reference to HTL biocrude, have not been reported an internal engine literature, which is unique novelty current work. affected physical properties. density surrogate slightly higher than that diesel, while viscosity, general, maintained. flash point S-fuel reduced N. had stronger effect reducing lower heating value (LHV) diesel. Compared both carbon monoxide (CO) unburned hydrocarbons (HC) fuels. Increasing oxides (NOx) dioxide (SO2) observed with increasing content, respectively, A significant increase particle mass (PM) at high concentrations (4.5 wt%) (0.2–0.4 wt%). Such values are found some off-road marine applications. Therefore, biofuel can be low-sulphur alternative shipping industry because properties similar bunker fuel.